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That carbide lamp is a carbide lamp, also known as a miners' carbide lamp or acetylene lamp was introduced into mine use at about 1897. it consists of two chambers, a water tank above and a removable carbide canister below with a connection valve to permit controlled seepage of water into the calcium carbide. the carbide and water react to generate calcium hydroxide [ca(oh)2] and acetylene gas. the gas is passed through a filter into a tube and through a tiny burner-tip orifice designed for the optimum mixture of air and acetylene. once ignited, it burns with a brilliant yellow-white flame produced by the incandescence of tiny carbon particles. a reflector concentrates the light in a particular direction [13].?

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