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Abstract:
Two difficulties that karst aquifers can present are permeability that varies with the scale of measurement (up to nine orders of magnitude), and permeability that is so high that standard pump tests obtain no measurable drawdownThough it is difficult to quantify, permeability is the most sensitive parameter for either laminar or turbulent groundwater equations and must be accurately estimatedPermeability data at the small-scale (laboratory and outcrop) were used to reproduce permeabilities measured at the well- and regional-scales in the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquiferThese calculations provided an understanding of how features observed at the small-scale affect permeability measurements at larger scalesConversely, these calculations can be performed on the well- and regional-scale to estimate what small-scale features are influencing the aquiferIn this paper, equations and techniques are presented to help answer questions such as: (1) How can small-scale data be combined to determine an effective well- or regional-scale permeability? (2) What size high-permeability features are influencing an aquifer on the well- or regional-scale? (3) Is the flow in an aquifer Darcian? (4) What velocities should be expected in an aquifer?